AB-006 Focused Microelectronics Applications

Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are specialized electronic components made with semiconductor materials like silicon, germanium, or selenium. They contain two electrodes, an anode and a cathode, which generate light or power when electrons move between layers. LEDs emit visible light or IR energy when current passes through them.

• LED manufacturing process is similar to other semiconductors
• Semiconductor wafer is produced and sliced into a thin substrate
• Additional layers are grown through doping process
• Metal contacts are created through photolithography
• Chips are cut from the wafer and encased in plastic or epoxy

Photovoltaic cells (solar cells) are essentially diodes composed of phosphorus-doped silicon on top of boron-doped silicon. When sunlight strikes the cell, it creates an electrical field that generates current when connected to a load.

• PV cells convert sunlight into electricity
• Anti-reflective coating applied to the top surface
• Electrical contacts imprinted on the top surface
• Aluminized conductive material deposited on the back surface

Flat Panel Displays (FPDs) consist of two glass plates with a material between them that emits light when an electrical signal is applied. Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are the most common type of FPD, using liquid crystals sandwiched between conducting plates to create images.

• FPDs use electrical signals to emit light
• LCDs use liquid crystals to create images
• Manufacturing process involves cleaning, deposition, and bonding
• Lithographic equipment is used in the process

Filtration opportunities in various industries involve processes like CMP slurry polishing, ultra-pure water requirements, and FPD array and color filter processes. Different types of filters are used based on the specific chemicals and processes involved to ensure purity and efficiency.

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