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Graver Technologies has engineered top-quality condensate system filters for power generation to remove impurities that could result in damage to machinery such as boilers, steam generators, reactors, or turbines.
Fossil fuel (coal, oil, gas) and nuclear power stations produce electricity with turbines powered with high-pressure steam. During the process of steam generation in power plants, the steam cools, forms condensate, and is then utilized as boiler feedwater. The condensate must be purified or "polished" in order to remove impurities for the ultimate purpose of removing all soluble impurities in order to protect the high-pressure boilers, steam generators, reactors, and turbines. Condensate polishing typically involves ion exchange technology for the removal of these trace dissolved minerals and suspended matter including silica oxides and sodium, iron oxide particulates from corrosion, also called 'crud', and other contaminants which can cause corrosion and maintenance issues. The condensate polisher will require back washing and regeneration based on increasing pressure drop and on ionic exhaustion.
Graver is the world’s largest supplier of condensate system filters and components and has been manufacturing precoat and non-precoat septa for condensate systems for more than 50 years. Graver is a consistent technology innovator with more than 40 patents and numerous technical advances, providing the know-how and ability to modify ion exchange media, both mechanically and chemically, for the removal of trace containments from condensate and other high purity water streams in power generation. We provide expertise in the design, manufacturing, and application of specialty back-washable filter elements for power generation used alone or in combination with ion exchange. With our extensive experience in engineered septa for the high value HPCPU power generation market along with an engineered line of products for specific applications (PWR, BWR, Fossil) as well as a reputation for quality, performance, competitiveness, and service, Graver Technologies can support customers with superior products and services.
Post fermentation removal of sediment and yeast is typically done using high solids removal technology such as lenticulars, filter press or even microfiltration crossflow. Any remaining sediment and yeast can effectively be removed in the filtration step prior to the bottling process. In types of beer, haze often caused by protein complexes can develop and these can be addressed using a charged media such as glass.
Post fermentation removal of sediment and yeast is typically done using high solids removal technology such as lenticulars, filter press or even microfiltration crossflow.� Any remaining sediment and yeast can effectively be removed in the filtration step prior to the bottling process
Plant extracts often yield high levels of solids, some of which may be deformable as well as oils, both of which complicate filtration. Filtration is best accomplished using pleated multi-layered depth media such as QXL or glass media where oils or hazes formation may be an issue.
The cleaning method for the filter will depend upon the contaminant and the filter type. Chemicals used must be compatible with the filter and yet effective at removing or dissolving the contaminant. Recommendations are published in Technical Bulletin TB-008.
It may be possible to clean and reuse many filters depending upon what plugged the filter and how plugged the filter is. The contaminant must be able to be removed either chemically or mechanically. This is more likely when the filter is not highly plugged. If the filter is planned to be reused, it is best to operate the filter until it is no more than 3 - 5X the clean differential pressure.
The goal of filtration at bottling is typically to remove the risk of microbial contamination which can lead to shelf life issues. This is typically accomplished by using a 0.45 or 0.65 micron membrane that is rated for microbial removal. Note that not all membrane filters will have microbial claims. The membrane filter is generally protected by a� high efficiency 1 micron prefilter.
To protect the liquid contents from microbial or particulate contaminant, it is customary to install a vent filter on the tank. When liquid is added or removed from a tank, air must move in or out of the tank to fill the changing airspace above the liquid. A tank vent filter allows air to flow in both directions and prevents possible damage to the tank that could result if air is compressed during tank filling or a vacuum is created during tank emptying. Since liquid can "plug" the pores of a hydrophilic cartridge, it is critical that a hydrophobic membrane such as TefTEC which uses a PTFE membrane.
It may be possible to clean and reuse many filters depending upon what plugged the filter and how plugged the filter is. The contaminant must be able to be removed either chemically or mechanically. This is more likely when the filter is not highly plugged. If the filter is planned to be reused, it is best to operate the filter until it is no more than 3 - 5X the clean differential pressure.
The key to optimizing any filtration system is to get the right balance between economy and performance. This balance is determined by a number of factors such as particle characteristics that include the nature of the particle and the volume of particles; fluid characteristics such as viscosity and temperature; and cartridge characteristics such as filter pore rating, efficiency and dirt holding capacity or throughput. There are several steps in determining the best recommendation: Minimum Core Requirement can be used as a baseline value to determine the minimum number of filters required to meet the flow demand; Flow per Ten Inch Equivalent (TIE) is the idealized maximum flow rate per ten inch cartridge based upon the type of filter being used in the application; Filter Flow Rate should be considered when the correct filter media (micron rating, membrane, pleated or depth) has been identified using the actual published filter flow rate data in Data sheets; Actual Testing conducted at a small scale yields the best values.
Industrial wastewaters is the aqueous byproduct of a manufacturing process and can contain both dissolved and undissolved contaminants, some of which can be harmful to human health or the environment. As the makeup of industrial wastewater can be vary widely depending on the manufacturing process, treatment will also vary greatly, requiring the use of microfiltration, ultrafiltration or even reverse osmosis, as well as potentially absorbent technologies to treat heavy metals and PFAS.
Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula HNO3 and is considered to be a strong, highly corrosive acid.
Generally, HEPA filters are not intended to be washed and reused.
Nitric acid is the inorganic compound with the formula HNO3 and is considered to be a strong, highly corrosive acid. It has broad application in industrial manufacturing from fertilizers to high purity uses as an etchant in semiconductor production.
A critical aspect of the machining process is the oil utilized for lubricating and cooling. Filtration can minimize the build up of particles in the fluid and as well as those that accumulate on tooling, thus decreasing machine maintenance and reworks.
CMP is a process used for smoothing the surfaces of semiconductor wafers using a combination of chemical and mechanical forces. The process uses chemical etching and abrasive polishing to achieve a flat surface.
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit, but not all integrated circuits are microprocessors. This acts as the brains, being able to process logical and arithmetic instructions that are programmed into it.
This broad category includes devices such as transistors, capacitors, resistors, diodes, LED and photocells. The different types of devices can be integrated together to form integrated circuits, or VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) devices such as microprocessors and random access memory (RAM).
Copper and other metals are used as conductors in printed circuit boards. But for microelectronic devices it is difficult to properly control the electric signal and thus semiconductor material such as silicon is used which also insulates better.
This is essentially the same as a microprocessor, an integrated circuit that behaves as the brain of the computer. Also referred to as the central processing unit, or CPU.
Polishing of wafers is typically accomplished using a process called Chemical Mechanical Planarization, which uses a combination of chemical etching and abrasive polishing to achieve a flat surface.
In order to maximize the life of reverse osmosis membranes, it is highly recommended to use a filter in front of the membrane with the goals of reducing the risk of fouling the membrane. Membrane fouling is the main cause of permeate flux decline and loss of product quality in reverse osmosis systems. Silt Density Index or SDI (ASTM standard test method D 4189-82), is the empirical test developed for measuring the potential rate of fouling of RO membranes
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a vacuum deposition method generally used for depositing crystalline micro/nano thin films and structures on wafers using materials such as silicon, carbon, fluorocarbons, tungsten and titanium nitride. Metal organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD), a variant of CVD, is most commonly used for the production of red, blue, green and white LEDs
Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes work by concentrating contaminants (reject water) and excluding them from the permeate or system water.
Always check labeling for certification of contaminant removal from filter products.
Boiling water can actually concentrate contaminants as the water vapor is "boiled off".
No PFAS can not be removed with heating or boiling.
Many MetSorb(R) adsorbents will remove heavy metals from water and wastewater. Please view our product pages for more information.
Many MetSorb(R) adsorbents will remove heavy metals from water. Consult a water treatment specialist for more information.
Many MetSorb(R) adsorbents will remove lead and other heavy metals from water. Please view our product pages for more information.
PFAS can be removed with adsorbents and ion exchange resins like MetSorb(R) PFX.
The USEPA website contains a lot of useful information to help homeowners and the general public understand water quality https://www.epa.gov/sites/default/files/2015-11/documents/2005_09_14_faq_fs_homewatertesting.pdf
The USEPA has issued and regularly reviews/updates the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) https://www.epa.gov/ground-water-and-drinking-water/national-primary-drinking-water-regulations
Natural gas is filtered at multiple stages in the process of manufacturing and transport to remove particles, hydrocarbons, water vapor and acid gas.
HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filters are designed to remove particulate matter and do not remove odors, chemicals, gasses or VOCs
Contact the Regional Sales Manager responsible for your specific geography, which can be found on the website in the "Where To Buy" link, or email your request to [email protected]
Biogas produced by the anaerobic digestion of organic waste and converted into biomethane that can be used to replace fossil fuels. Much like natural gas, it requires filtration to remove particles and water vapor.
Natural gas is filtered at multiple stages in the process of manufacturing and transport to remove particles, hydrocarbons, water vapor and acid gas. These contaminants contribute to excessive wear, loss of efficiency and decrease the risk of downtime of equipment.
Generally, HEPA filters are not intended to be washed and reused.
Most filters are synthetic materials and thus are not designed to be cleaned and reused. Filters are generally intended to be used until plugged, which can be defined by loss of flow or a terminal pressure drop increase.
HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filters are made by using microfiber media typically polypropylene or fiberglass fibers which are capable of removing particles between 0.3 and 10 microns (µm)
The filtration of air and compressed gasses will remove particles including microbial contamination that can result in excess wear and damage to equipment or harmful health effects. The filter must be chosen to meet the required performance specification and regularly maintained in order to meet those performance expectations.
The life of any filter is very dependent upon the process and product being filtered. Solids levels can vary significantly in different processes or even within the same process over time, thus life should be determined by identifying parameters such as minimum flow or maximum differential pressure.
Generally, HEPA filters are not intended to be washed and reused.
Microfiltration technology is not effective in removing chlorine and fluorides in water. These are typically removed through use of carbon based adsorbent technology.
Medical devices can use a wide range of filter technologies. Graver focuses specifically upon use of PLEKX® technology for the removal and/or reduction of multiple odor, gas, fume and chemical contaminants in both doctors' offices and surgical suites.
Some of our the standard Certifications and Compliance Standards: ASME Code, Section XI, Division I Compliance, PED 97/23/EC Compliance, ISO 9001:2015 Certification, NSF 61 Certification, FDA Title 21 Compliance, USP Class VI Compliance, EU 1935 OML Compliance
Contact the Regional Sales Manager responsible for your specific geography, which can be found on the website in the "Where To Buy" link, or email your request to [email protected]
Ultrapure water (UPW), high-purity water (HPW) is water that has been purified to stringent specifications which may include microbial, particulate, and metal contaminants. The standards of water quality will vary significantly by application and industry. For healthcare applications, the USP (United States Pharmacopeia) has 8 different classifications, with the common classification for processing high purity water being Water for Injection (WFI) and Purified Water.
Several essential applications for filters. Tank vent or fermentation feed air filters, the choice of which depends upon the specific method being used in the fermentation process, ensure that particles and microbes do not enter the process through air sources. These filters should utilize a hydrophobic membrane such as PTFE and have claims for sterility. A second area is to ensure that all fluids in the process are microbial-free, so filtration using a 0.2 micron hydrophilic membrane filter that is rated as sterilizing grade is commonly used. This would apply to water, nutrient broths or any liquid additive essential to the process.
Read the latest company updates, announcements, and more from Graver’s newsroom.
Worsening drought conditions have increased arsenic levels in domestic water wells calling for frequent testing and high-quality water treatment.
Electric vehicle adoption relies heavily on the convenience and speed of charging methods, and researchers think they might have found a better way to manage EV battery charging and life.
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